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Gus Green Van Sant, Jr.〔 (born July 24, 1952) is an American film director, screenwriter, painter, photographer, musician and author who has earned acclaim as both an independent and more mainstream filmmaker. His films typically deal with themes of marginalized subcultures, in particular homosexuality; as such, Van Sant is considered one of the most prominent auteurs of the New Queer Cinema movement. Van Sant's early career was devoted to directing television commercials in the Pacific Northwest. He made his feature-length cinematic directorial debut with ''Mala Noche'' (1985). His second feature ''Drugstore Cowboy'' (1989) was highly acclaimed - earning a perfect 100% rating approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes - and earned Van Sant screenwriting awards from the Los Angeles Film Critics Association and New York Film Critics Circle and Best Director from the National Society of Film Critics. His following film ''My Own Private Idaho'' (1991) was similarly praised, as was the black comedy ''To Die For'' (1995), the drama ''Good Will Hunting'' (1997) and the biopic ''Milk'' (2008); for the latter two, Van Sant was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Director and both films received Best Picture nominations. In 2003, ''Elephant'' - Van Sant's ''roman à clef'' of the Columbine High School massacre - won the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival and Van Sant also received the festival's Best Director Award,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Festival de Cannes: Elephant )〕 making him one of only two filmmakers - the other being Joel Coen - to win both accolades in the same year. Though most of Van Sant's other films received favourable reviews, such as ''Finding Forrester'' (2000) and ''Paranoid Park'' (2007), some of his efforts such as the art house production ''Last Days'' (2005) and the environmental drama ''Promised Land'' have received more mixed reviews from critics, whilst his adaptation of Tom Robbins's ''Even Cowgirls Get the Blues'' (1994) and his maligned 1998 remake of Alfred Hitchcock's ''Psycho'' were critical and commercial failures. In addition to directing, Van Sant wrote the screenplays for several of his earlier works, and is the author of a novel entitled ''Pink''.〔Gus Van Sant, ''Pink'', Faber & Faber, 1998, ISBN 0-385-49353-3〕 A book of his photography, called ''108 Portraits,''〔Gus Van Sant, ''108 Portraits'', Twin Palms Pub., 1993, ISBN 0-944092-22-5〕 has also been published, and he has released two musical albums. He currently lives in Portland, Oregon. ==Early life== Van Sant was born in Louisville, Kentucky, the son of Betty (née Seay) and Gus Green Van Sant, Sr; Gus Van Sant's father was a clothing manufacturer and traveling salesman who rapidly worked his way into middle class prosperity. As a result of his father's job, the family moved continually during Van Sant's childhood. Van Sant is an alumnus of Darien High School in Darien, Connecticut, and The Catlin Gabel School in Portland, Oregon. One constant in the director's early years was his interest in visual arts (namely, painting and Super-8 filmmaking); while still in school he began making semi-autobiographical shorts costing between 30 and 50 dollars. Van Sant's artistic leanings took him to the Rhode Island School of Design in 1970, where his introduction to various avant-garde directors inspired him to change his major from painting to cinema. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gus Van Sant」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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